Doble baston and, more rarely, Doble Olisi are common names for a group of two-stick techniques. The art is known worldwide as Sinawali, which means “weaving.” The term Sinawali comes from a carpet called Sawali, which is commonly used in the nipa huts of the tribes. It consists of woven pieces of palm leaves and is used for both floors and walls. The name Kali is most likely derived from the pre-Hispanic Filipino term for blades and fences, Kalis (Spanish spelling: “Calis”),[10] documented by the chronicler of Ferdinand Magellan`s expedition, Antonio Pigafetta, during their journey through the Visayas and in dictionaries and vocabulary books from Spanish to Filipino from 1612 to the late 1800s. as in Vocabulario by Lengua Tagala by Father Pedro de San Buenaventura. [11] The term calis in various forms was present in these ancient Spanish documents in Ilocano,[12] Ibanag (calli-t; pronounced as kal-lî),[13] Kapampangan,[14] Tagalog,[15] Bicolano (curries),[16] Waray (curry),[17] Hiligaynon,[18] Cebuano (calix, baladao[19] – “kalis balaraw/dagger” and wedges[20]) and Moro-Maguindanao in Mindanao (calis – the Kris, weapon). [21] In some of these dictionaries, the term calis refers to a kris or keris sword or knife, while in others it refers to both swords and knives and their use, as well as a form of esgrima stick fighting. [14] [15] While Mirafuente postulates that the original term was “Kali” and that the letter “S” was added later, the late Grand Master Remy Presas suggests that the “S” was dropped in modern times and became more commonly known in FMA circles today as “Kali”. Practitioners of the arts are called arnisador (male, plural arnisadores) and arnisadora (feminine, plural arnisadoras) for those who call their arnis, eskrimador (male, plural eskrimadores) or eskrimadora (female, plural eskrimadoras) for those who call their art eskrima, and kalista or mangangali for those who practice kali. One of the most important features of Arnis that indicate a possible Spanish influence is the Espada y Daga method (Spanish for “sword and dagger”), a term also used in Spanish fencing.
Philippine espada y daga is somewhat different from European rap and dagging techniques; The postures are different, as the weapons used in arnis are generally shorter than European swords. [44] According to Grandmaster Federico Lazo† (1938-2010), unlike historical European fencing in Arnis` northern Ilocano-Kabaroen style, there is no lanyard – rather, it is an evasive art. On the other hand, it is present in some Visayas styles documented by FMA researchers Celestino Macachor and Ned Nepangue such as Yasay Sable Estocada of Bago City. [45] According to comparative studies, the archivist of Kalis Ilustrisimo, Romeo Macapagal, also estimates that 40% of the blade-oriented style of Antonio “Tatang” Ilustrisimo† (1904-1997) descends from European styles brought by the Spanish. [46] Proponents of such education argue that the arts are very similar in many ways and complement each other well. Es ist marktfähig geworden, Eskrima-Kurse in anderen traditionellen asiatischen Kampfkunststudios in Amerika anzubieten, aber einige Praktizierende anderer Eskrima-Stile tun diese Lektionen oft als erniedrigte Versionen der ursprünglichen Trainingsmethoden ab. The first to decide to experience their fortune were the Pampangos, the most warlike and noble nation of these islands, and close to Manila. And it was the worst thing to be trained in military art in our schools in the prisons of Ternate, Zamboanga, Joló, Caraga and other places, where its value was well known; But this one needs the shelter of ours, and so they said that one Spaniard and three pampangos, were worth four Spaniards. [41] Die ersten, die beschlossen, mit ihrem Glück (Revolt) zu experimentieren, waren die Pampangos, das kriegerischste und prominenteste Volk dieser Inseln und in der Nähe von Manila.
And it was all the more serious because these people had been trained in military art in our own schools in the presidios (fortified outposts) of Ternate, Zamboanga, Jolo, Caraga and other places where their bravery was known; but it needs our help, and so they say that one Spaniard plus three Pampangos equals four Spaniards. [42] There are two main types of arnis that are practiced as a sport.